Organic chemistry – MU Sofia Exam preparation

Welcome to your Organic Chemistry

1. Which compound decolorizes bromine in $CHCl_3$?

(A) benzene

(B) cyclohexane

(C) hexane

(D) 1-hexene

2. How many isomers exist for dibromobenzene $(C_6H_4Br_2)$?

(A) one

(B) two

(C) three

(D) four

3. What is the correct name for $CCl_4$?

(A) tetrachloromethane

(B) carbon chloride

(C) carbon(IV) chloride

(D) carbon chlorate

4. Which of the following reagent can be used to distinguish phenol from benzyl alcohol?

(A) $NaOH$

(B) $NaHCO_3$

(C) $Br2/CCl_4$

(D) $FeCl_3$

5. Salicylic acid is stronger than benzoic acid because:

(A) has an aromatic structure

(B) an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between the two functional groups

(C) contains a hydroxy! group

(D) forms stronger hydrogen bonds with water molecules than the benzoic acid

6. Phenols are more acidic than alcohols because:

(A) the phenoxide ion is stabilized by resonance

(B) the phenols are more soluble in polar solvents

(C) the phenoxide ion do not exhibit resonance

(D) the alcohols do not lose proton

7. The strongest acid among the following aromatic compounds is:

(A) ortho-nitrophenol

(B) para-chlorophenol

(C) para-nitrophenol

(D) meta-nitrophenol

8. What is the common name for $CH_2=CHCH_2C1$:

(A) propylidene chloride

(B) vinyl chloride

(C) allyl chloride

(D) vinyllene chloride

9. Which of the following reagent CANNOT be used for preparing alkyl chlorides from alcohols?

(A) $HCl$ + anhyd. $ZnCl_2$

(B) $NaCl$

(C) $PCl_5$

(D) $SOCl_2$

10. The reactivity of alkyl halides decreases in the following order:

(A) RI>RBr >RCl>RF

(B) RF >RCI> RBr >RI

(C) RBr> RCI> RI> RF

(D) RCl >RBr> RI >RF

11. Which of the listed compounds is a homologue of ethanal?

(A) methanal

(B) acetone

(C) propanone

(D) acetaldehyde

12. Which of these compounds contain an asymmetric (chiral) carbon atom?

(A) 1-chloropropane

(B) 2-methyl-2-chlorobutane

(C) 3-chloropropane

(D) 2-bromobutane

13. The hydrolysis of 4-chlorobenzyl chloride with a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide results in:

(A) p-chlorophenol

(B) p-hydroxybenzylchloride

(C) p-chlorobenzy! alcohol

(D) p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol

14. The polyvalent alcohols are identified with:

(A) freshly precipitated copper (I) hydroxide

(B) ferry chloride solution

(C) bromine water

(D) solution of silver oxide in ammonia

15. Thereactions by which m-nitrophenol can be produced from benzene are:

(A) sulfonation, nitration, reaction with sodium hydroxide, alkali melting

(B) sulfonation, alkali melting, nitration

(C) nitration, sulfonation, hydrolysis

(D) halogenation, hydrolysis, nitration

16. The mild oxidation of which alcohol does NOT give a carbonyl compound?

(A) 2, 3-dimethyl-l-pentanol

(B) 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-dimethy]-3-pentanol

(C) 2, 3-dimethy-3-pentanol

(D) 3-methyl-1-pentanol

17. Which of the presented pairs are metamers?

(A) $CH_3CH(OH)CH_2CH_3$ and $CH_3CH_2OCH_2CH_3$

(B) $CH_3CH(OH)CH_3$ and $CH_3CH_2CH_2OH$

(C) $CH_3CH_2OCH_33$ and $CH_3CH_2CH_20CH3$

(D) $CH_3OCH_2CH_2CH_3$ and $CH_3CH_2OCH_2CH_3$

18. How a solution containing benzene, naphthalene, phenol and aniline can be separated:

(A) the phenol and aniline are separated with sodium hydroxide solution, and benzene and naphthalene - with hydrochloric acid;

(B) the phenol and aniline are separated with nitric acid, and benzene and naphthalene-with sulphuric acid;

(C) the phenol is extracted after treatment with sodium hydroxide, the aniline is extracted after treatment with hydrochloric acid, and benzene and naphthalene - through distillation;

(D) the phenol and aniline are separated through distillation, and benzene and naphthalene-by nitration with nitrating mixture;

19. Which halogen notably does NOT react with methane by the chain-linking mechanism?

(A) bromine

(B) iodine

(C) chlorine

(D) all halogens interact easy with methane

20. Hexane may be obtained in highest yield by Wurtz method from:

(A) chloromethane

(B) 1-chloropropane;

(C) 2-methyl-1-bromopropane

(D) 2-bromopropane.

21. The amino acids do NOT interact with:

(A) alcohols

(B) alkaline hydroxides

(C) active metals

(D) salts

22. Which of the following compounds is product of interaction between glucose and Fehling reagent:

(A) $CH_2OH(CHOH)_4CHO$

(B) $HOOC(CHOH)_4COOH$

(C) $HOOC(CHOH)_4CHO$

(D) $CH_2OH(CHOH)_4COOH$

23. Which of the following compounds contains an aldehyde group:

(A) glucose

(B) methanoic acid

(C) methanal

(D) all listed compounds

24. Polymerization is characteristic for:

(A) ethene

(B) methylbenzene

(C) methane

(D) heptene

25. How many carbon atoms in the molecule of acrylonitrile are in sp-hybrid state?

(A) one

(B) two

(C) all

(D) none

26. The maltose is:

(A) a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose residues, an intermediate in the hydrolysis of cellulose;

(B) a disaccharide consisting of glucose residues, an intermediate in the hydrolysis of starch

(C) a disaccharide consisting of fructose residues, an intermediate in the hydrolysis of amylose;

(D) a disaccharide consisting only of glucose residues.

27. The following reaction scheme is given: 1, 2-dibromoethane →X→ bromoethane→Y→ ethyl acetate. Determine from the lists compounds X and Y.

(A) ethanol and ethanal

(B) ethanal and ethene

(C) ethene and ethanol

(D) ethyn and ethanal

28. Which of the listed substances when interacting with methylamine gives a salt?

(A) bromomethane

(B) oxygen

(C) hydrogen bromide

(D) water

29. Which of the listed compounds interacts with bromine water?

(A) ethyn

(B) benzene

(C) toluene

(D) propane

30. Characteristic reactions for alkenes are:

(A) substitution

(B) addition

(C) elimination

(D) exchange

31. Polypropylene is obtained from a substance with formula:

(A) $CH_2=CH_3$

(B) $CH_3-CH_2-CH_3$

(C) $CH_2=CH-CH_3$

(D) $CH_2=C=CH_2$

32. Asa result in the reaction of polycondenzation is formed:

(A) polyvinylchloride

(B) phenol formaldehyde resin

(C) natural rubber

(D) polyethylene

33. Ethyl alcohol is formed by addition of hydrogen to:

(A) ethane

(B) ethanal

(C) ethyne

(D) methanal

34. Upon interaction of phenol with bromine is formed a mixture of:

(A) 2- and 3- bromophenols

(B) 3- and 4- bromophenols

(C) 2- and 4- bromophenols

(D) 2, 3- and 3, 4- dibromophenols

35. By the help of which reagent 1-propanol and 1, 3-propantriol may be, distinguished?

(A) potassium hydroxide

(B) metal sodium

(C) copper (II) hydroxide

(D) bromine water

36. Ethanol can be oxidized stepwise. What is the first stable intermediate product when ethanol is oxidized with a mild oxidation agent?

(A) $CH_3COOH$

(B) $CO_2$

(C) $CH_3CHO$

(D) $CH_3CH_2OH$

37. Which of the following amino acids is achiral?

(A) alanine

(B) glycine

(C) serine

(D) cysteine

38. By which of the presented processes and interactions can be distinguished formic acid from ethanoic acid?

(A) cuprum dihydroxide

(B) active metal

(C) alkali oxide:

(D) alkali hydroxide

39. With which of the compounds: ethanol, sodium hydroxide and acetic anhydride, salicylic acid is interacting?

(A) only sodium hydroxide and ethanol

(B) only ethanol and acetic anhydride

(C) only sodium hydroxide

(D) sodium hydroxide, ethanol and acetic anhydride

40. Which one of the following will give 1-butene as the only alkene by heating with concentrated sulfuric acid?

(A) 1-butanol

(B) 1-Bromobutane;

(C) 1-Butanamine

(D) 2-butanol.

41. Glucose and fructose may be distinguished by interaction with:

(A) sodium

(B) $C_u(OH)_2$

(C) bromine water

(D) water

42. When methane, $CH_4$, burns in excess oxygen, the products would be

(A) $CO_2 + 2H$;

(B) $CO + H_2O$;

(C) $CH_3OH$;

(D) $CO_2+ B_2O$.

43. A carbonyl group is present in all of these functional groups except:

(A) ketones;

(B) esters;

(C) ethers;

(D) amides.

44. Which of the following is not classified as a carbohydrate?

(A) glucose

(B) glycine

(C) lactose

(D) starch

45. What is the IUPAC name for the compound $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CHO$?

(A) pentanal

(B) pentanoic acid

(C) 1-pentanol

(D) 1-pentanone

46. Which of the following alcohols forms a ketone when oxidized?

(A) 1-propanol

(B) 2-methyl-2-propanol

(C) 2-propanol

(D) all of the above

47. Which is NOT a physical property of alcohols or phenols?

(A) Phenols are generally only slightly soluble in water.

(B) The solubilities of normal primary alcohols in water decrease with increasing molecular weight.

(C) The hydroxyl group of an alcohol is nonpolar.

(D) Due to hydrogen bonding, boiling points of alcohols are much higher than those of corresponding alkanes.

48. The the benzene ring of benzaldehyde substitutes at m-position to the aldehyde group

because it has:

(A) +M and +] effect

(B) -M and +] effect

(C) -M and -I effect

(D) +M and -I effect

49. Carbonyl derivatives DO NOT add one of the following substances:

(A) hydrogen

(B) hydrogen cyanide

(C) bromine

(D) ethanol

50. Under hydrolitic conditions sucrose yields:

(A) glucose only

(B) glucose and fructose

(C) fructose only

(D) glucose and lactose

51. The molecular formula of glycerol is:

(A) $C_6H_5OH$

(B) $C_2H_5OH$

(C) $C_3H_5(OH)_3$

(D) $CH_3CHO$

52. The interaction between which substances is an addition reaction?

(A) ethanol and sodium

(B) ethanal and hydrogen

(C) methane and chlorine

(D) phenol and sodium hydroxide

53. The colorless crystalline substance A is slightly soluble in water, it sublimes when heated, and 2 mol of $NaOH$ are needed for the neutralization of 1 mol of A. Substance A is:

(A) ethanol

(B) phenol

(C) salicylic acid

(D) sulfuric acid

54. Which of the reagents can be used to identify glycerol?

(A) with bromine water - discoloration

(B) with alcohol solution of $I_2$- violet coloration

(C) with an aqueous solution of $F_eCl_3$ - violet coloring

(D) with freshly precipitated $C_u(OH)_2$ - dark blue coloration

55. Sucrose is a carbohydrate. The molecular formula of the compound is:

(A) $C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$

(B) $C_{12}H_{24}O{12}$

(C) $C_6H_{12}O_6$

(D) $C_2H_6O$

56. Adding bromine to propene $H_2C=CH-CH_3$ gives:

(A) 1, 2-dibromopropane

(B) 1, 2-dibromopropene

(C) 2, 3-dibromopropane

(D) 1, 1-dibromopropene

57. The unknown substance X in the following transition is: $H_2C=CH2→X→CH_3CHO→CH_3COOH$?

(A) $CH_3CH_3$

(B) $CH_3CH_2OH$

(C) $CH_3OCH_3$

(D) $CH_3COCH_3$

58. The interaction of fats with an alkaline base in an aqueous medium during heating is used in the production of:

(A) synthetic fibers

(B) soaps

(C) rubber

(D) plastics

59. The main components of the petrol are:

(A) alkanes

(B) alkenes

(C) alkynes

(D) arenas

60. The main component of the so-called “marsh gas” or "swamp gas" is:

(A) methane

(B) carbon monoxide

(C) sulfur dioxide

(D) nitrogen

61. What is substance X in the transition $CH=CH_2→ X → CH_3CH_2ON_a$:

(A) $H2S04$

(B) $CH3CHO$

(C) $CH3CH20H$

(D) $CHsCOOH$

62. Oxidation of butanone produces:

(A) only formic acid

(B) formic and propionic acid

(C) propionic acid, $CO_2$ and $H_2O$

(D) acetic and propionic acids, $CO_2$ and $H_2O$

63. Which of the following equations shows the alcoholic fermentation of glucose under the action of the enzyme chymase?

(A) $6CO_2+ 6H_2O→C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

(B) $C_6H_{12}O_6→2C_2H_5OH + 2CO_2$

(C) $C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2→ 6CO_2+ 6H_2O$

(D) $C_6H_{12}O_6→2C_2H_5OH + 2CO$

64. In which order are carboxylic acids arranged by increasing their acidic properties?

(A) benzoic, propionic, acetic, formic

(B) propionic, acetic, benzoic, formic

(C) acetic, propionic, formic, benzoic

(D) benzoic, acetic, propionic, formic

65. The vigorous oxidation of which isomer of hexene does NOT result in a mixture of acids?

(A) 1-Hexene

(B) 2-hexene

(C) 3-hexene

(D) 4-methyl-1-pentene

66. In which order are the compounds arranged in order of increasing reactivity?

(A) $CH_3CHO$, $CH_3COC_2H_5$, $CH_3CHO$, $CH_5COCH_3$

(B) $CH_3CHO$, $CH_3COCH_3$, $HCHO$, $CHsCOC2Hs$

(C) $CH3COCH$, $CH3COC2Hs$, $CH_3CHO$, $HCHO$

(D) $CH_3COC_2H_5$, $CH_3COCH_3$, $CH_3CHO$, $HCHO$

67. Compound A is involved in a addition reaction with HCN. After addition of hydrogen to A, 2-butanol is obtained. Which of the following compounds is A?

(A) $CH_3CH_2COCH_3$

(B) $CH_3CH(CH_3)CHO$

(C) $CH_2=CHCH_3$

(D) $CH_3CH_2CH_2CHO$

68. Oxidation of which alcohol does not produce a carbonyl compound?

(A) 2, 3-dimethy]-2-butanol

(B) 2, 3-dimethyl-1-butanol

(C) 2-methy]-1-butanol

(D) 3-methyl-2-butanol

69. The structural isomers of hexene differ in the position of the double bond. What is their number?

(A) two

(B) three

(C) four

(D) five

70. Under what conditions can hydrogen atoms in the side chain of toluene be replaced by atoms of halogen elements:

(A) at room temperature

(B) under illumination or at high temperature

(C) upon cooling

(D) with the participation of a catalyst

71. In the interaction between substances A and B, $ZnCl_2$ and $CH_3CH=CHCH_3$ are obtained. Substances A and B are:

(A) $Zn$ and $CH_3CH(CI)CH(CI)CH_3$

(B) $Zn$ and $(CH_3)_2CH-CH(Cl)_2$

(C) $Zn$ and $CICH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2Cl$

(D) $Zn$ and $(Cl_2CHCH_2CH_2CH_3$

72. When freshly precipitated $Cu(OH)_2$; was added at room temperature to several test tubes with aqueous solutions of unknown substances, a dark blue solution was observed in one of them. Therefore, in this tube there is an organic compound in the molecule of which there is:

(A) one ketone group

(B) one hydroxy] group

(C) two or more aldehyde groups

(D) two or more hydroxyl groups

73. A natural polymer is:

(A) sucrose

(B) the rubber

(C) viscose

(D) polyethylene

74. Which of the organic compounds shown has a chemical bond formed by overlapping sp? and sp hybrid orbitals?

(A) $CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2$

(B) $CH_2=CH=CH_2$

(C) $CH_2=CH-CH_3$

(D) $CH_2=CH_2$

75. Hydrogen bonds can NOT form between molecules of:

(A) $CO_2H_5NH_2$ and $CH_3NH_2$

(B) $CH_3CHO$ and $CH_3COCH_3$

(C) $CH_3CHO$ and $H_2O$

(D) $C_2H_5OCH_3$ and $H_2O$

76. State the general molecular form of the homologous series of alkanes:

(A) $C_nH_{2n+2}$

(B) $C_nH_{2n-2}$

(C) $C_nH_{2n}$

(D) $C_nH_{2n+4}.$

77. Oxidation of ethylene $(CH_2=CH_2$) produces:

(A) methane

(B) 1, 2-ethanediol

(C) ethane

(D) propane

78. A phenolic hydroxyl group can be identified with a dilute aqueous solution of:

(A) $Cu(OH)_2$

(B) $KM_nO_4$

(C) $FeCh_3$

(D) $KNO_3$

79. The equation: $C_2H_2 + HCOOH?HCOOC_2H_5 +H_2O$ expresses the process:

(A) hydrolysis

(B) oxidation

(C) neutralization

(D) esterification

80. In the molecules of a-amino acids the groups $-NH_2$ and $-COOH$ are connected to:

(A) the first carbon atom

(B) the second carbon atom

(C) different carbon atoms

(D) carbon atoms at both ends of the carbon chain

81. Which of the following carbohydrates contains molecules with an aldehyde group?

(A) fructose

(B) glucose

(C) sucrose

(D) starch

82. Which of the following compounds does NOT react with an ammonia solution of $Ag_2O$?

(A) glucose

(B) fructose

(C) 3-hexanone

(D) 3-methylbutanal

83. The two functional groups in o-amino acids interact with each other and form intramolecular salts. It is due to them...

(A) the high solubility in water

(B) the high melting point

(C) the low solubility in organic solvents

(D) all of the above properties

84. From which substance can 2-propanol be obtained directly?

A) $CH3—CH2—CH3$

(B) $CH_3—CH_2—CH2—Br$

(C) $CH_3—-CH=CH_2$

(D) $CH_3—C=CH$

85. In which hydrocarbon conversion process do the final products contain a greater number of carbon atoms than the starting substances?

(A) aromatization

(B) hydration

(C) cracking process

(D) Wurtz synthesis

86. Polymethyl methacrylate is obtained by polymerization of:

(A) $CeHsCH=CRH2;$

(B) $CH2=CHCOOCHS;$

(C) $CH_2=C(CH_3)COOCH_3$

(D) $CH_3CH_2CN$

87. Benzaldehyde is involved in substitution reactions affecting the aromatic nucleus. In which place are the substitutes oriented:

(A) o-position

(B) p-position

(C) m-position

(D) o- and p-position

88. Reagent for the quality identification of starch is:

(A) bromine water

(B) alcoholic solution of iodine

(C) ammonia solution of silver oxide

(D) dilute aqueous solution of potassium permanganate

89. Which of the following acids has optical isomers:

(A) lactic acid

(B) butanoic acid

(C) p-aminobenzoic acid

(D) phenylacetic

90. Positional isomerism is possible with:

(A) alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes

(B) alcohols, carboxylic acids, alkanes

(C) aldehydes, ketones. amines

(D) amino acids, ketones, alkynes

91. Which of the following substances does NOT react with freshly precipitated copper dihydroxide:

(A) fructose

(B) propanone

(C) methanoic acid

(D) ethanal

92. Which chain of chemical reactions is not possible:

(A) $CH_3COOH→CH_3COONH_4→CH_3CONH_2$

(B) $C_6H_5CH_3 →CH_3COOH→ C_6H_5COOCH_3$

(C) $C_2H_5OH→C_2OH_5CHO →C_2H_5COOH$

(D) all are possible

93. Optical isomerism is not characteristic of:

(A) 2-aminopropanoic acid

(B) 3-aminobutanoic acid

(C) 2-aminobutanoic acid

(D) 2-amino-2-methylpropanoic acid

94. The molecular formula $C_6H_{12}O_6$ corresponds to the compounds:

(A) cellulose and glucose

(B) starch and glucose

(C) glucose and fructose

(D) glycogen and sucrose

95. Cellulose dissolves in:

(A) ammonia solution of $A_{g2}O$

(B) Fehling's solution

(C) Schweitzer's reagent

(D) does not dissolve in any of the listed reagents

96. What are the reactants that form the compound $CH_3CH_2COOCH_2CH_3$?

(A) propan-1-ol and propanal

(B) propan-1-ol and ethanoic acid

(C) ethanol and propanoic acid

(D) ethanol and butanoic acid

97. From which compound is hexan-3-one obtained as the only organic product under the conditions of the Kucherov reaction?

(A) $CH_3C=CCH_2CH_2CHs3$

(B) $CH_3CH_2C=CCH_2CH_2$

(C) $CH_3CH=CHCH_2CH_2CH_3$

(D) $CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3$

98. The acylation of benzene with propanoyl chloride, according to the Friedel-Crafts reaction, takes place in the presence of a catalyst:

(A) palladium acetate

(B) aluminum trichloride

(C) mercury sulfate

(D) manganese dioxide

99. Reagent for qualitative identification of ethylene glycol is:

(A) solution of $KOH$ in ethanol

(B) aqueous solution of chlorine lime

(C) freshly precipitated $Cu(OH)_2$

(D) aqueous solution of $FeCl_3$

100. The chain-radical halogenation of alkanes occurs under the action of:

(A) $FeCl_3$

(B) $HgSO_4$

(C) diffuse sunlight

(D) nickel catalyst

101. The compounds (E)-3-methylhex-3-ene and (Z)-hept-2-ene are:

(A) positional isomers

(B) optical isomers

(C) enantiomers

(D) constitutional (structural) isomers

102. If an alkane contains 24 hydrogen atoms, how many carbon atoms does it have?

(A) 12

(B) 11

(C) 24

(D) 22

103. Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water because...

(A) the -OH groups in the ethanol molecules have a tendency to cling together

(B) the attraction between the molecules is weaker

(C) the ethanol molecules can easily lose a hydrogen atom

(D) the ethanol molecules mix well with water

104. When organic compounds combust in a plentiful supply of air, what are the products?

(A) Carbon dioxide only

(B) Carbon monoxide and water

(C) Carbon dioxide and hydrogen

(D) Carbon dioxide and water

105. Give the IUPAC name of this compound: $CH_3OCH_2CH$.

(A) dimethyl ether

(B) methoxyethane

(C) methylethyloxide

(D) propy! ether

106. Which of the following compounds displays optical isomerism?

(A) $CH_2(OH)-CH_2(OH)$

(B) $CH_3-CHCI-COOH$

(C) $CH_2=CHC_l$

(D) $CHCI=CHCl$

107. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the reaction between $Cl_2$ and $C_2H_6$?

(A) The reaction can be initiated with either sunlight or heat.

(B) The reaction will give a single product of $C_2H_5Cl$.

(C) The reaction mechanism involves free radicals.

(D) The first step in the mechanism is the cleavage of the $Cl-Cl$ bond to give chlorine atoms.

108. Ethanol can be oxidized stepwise. What is the first stable intermediate product when ethanol is oxidized with a mild oxidation agent?

(A) $CH_3COOH$

(B) $CO_2$

(C) $CH_3CHO$

(D) $CH_3OCH_3$

109. Hydrolysis (saponification) of a fat would yield:

(A) water and an alkene

(B) ethanol and propanoic acid

(C) glycerol and soa

(D) ethanol and a soap

110. The segment $-CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2-$ represents the polymer named:

(A) polybutylene

(B) polyhexene

(C) polypropylene

(D) polyethylene

111. The products of cracking are...

(A) alkane + alkene

(B) alkene + alkene

(C) alkane + alcohol

(D) alkane + alkane

112. What is the major organic product of the reaction: $CH_3C=CH + 2HBr→$?

(A) $BrCH_2CH_2CH_2Br$

(B) $CH_3CBr_2CH_2$

$CH_3CH_2CHBr_2$

$CH_3CHBrCH_2Br$

113. Which of the following reacts with $[A_g(NH_3)_2]OH$ giving a white precipitate?

(A) $CH_3CH_2CH=CHCH_3$

(B) $CH_3CH_2C≡CCH_3$

(C) $CH_3CH_2C≡CH$

(D) $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2OH$

114. Which of the following is a correct name for $(CH_3)_2C=CHCOCH_3$?

(A) 2-methyl-2-penten-4-one

(B) 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one

(C) 1, 3-dimethyl-2-pentenal

(D) isopentenone

115. As a result of the interaction of acetylene with water in the presence of salts of divalent mercury ions, the following is formed:

(A) $CH_3CHO$

(B) $C2Hs0H$

(C) $C_2H_4$

(D) $CH_3COOH$

116. Sucrose dissolved in water is:

(A) caramelization

(B) hydrolysis of sucrose with formation of glucose

(C) hydrolysis of sucrose with formation of fructose

(D) disruption of the sucrose crystal lattice

117. Linolenic acid as opposed to stearic acid:

(A) is a higher saturated carboxylic acid

(B) is an isomer of oleic acid

(C) upon interaction with glycerin forms triglycerides

(D) decolorizes bromine water

118. How is the compound $HOCH_2(CHOH)_4CH_2OH$ obtained?

(A) by oxidation from glucose

(B) by oxidation from fructose

(C) by reduction with hydrogen from glucose and fructose

(D) by alcoholic fermentation from glucose and fructose